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Nitrofurantoin
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Brand Name(s):Furadantin, Furalan, Furatoin, Macrobid, Macrodantin, Nitrofuracot Drug Class:Anti-infective Available OTC?:NoAvailable Generic?:Yes | |
| |  Generic 50 mg (Zenith) |
Available InCapsules, oral suspension, tablets, extended-release capsules Why PrescribedTo treat urinary tract infections (UTIs). How It WorksNitrofurantoin interferes with bacterial metabolism and cell wall formation. Eventually the bacteria die out, bringing an end to the infection. Range and FrequencyAdults and teenagers-- Capsules, oral suspension, tablets: 50 to 100 mg every 6 hours. Extended-release capsules: 100 mg every 12 hours. Children up to 12 years-- Dosage must be determined by your doctor. Onset of EffectWithin 1 hour. Duration of ActionCapsules, oral suspension, tablets: 6 hours. Extended-release capsules: 24 hours. Dietary AdviceNitrofurantoin should be taken with food or milk. StorageStore in a tightly sealed container away from heat and direct light. Keep the oral suspension from freezing. Missed DoseTake it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosage schedule. Do not double the next dose. Stopping the DrugTake as prescribed for the full treatment period, even if you begin to feel better before the scheduled end of therapy. Prolonged UseSee your doctor regularly if you must take this drug for a prolonged period. Over 60Adverse reactions may be more likely and more severe in older patients. Driving and Hazardous WorkDo not drive or engage in hazardous work until you determine how the medicine affects you. AlcoholAvoid alcohol. PregnancyNitrofurantoin should not be taken within several weeks of the delivery date or during labor. Breast FeedingNitrofurantoin passes into breast milk; avoid use while breast feeding. Infants and ChildrenNitrofurantoin is not recommended for use by infants under 1 month old. Special ConcernsNitrofurantoin may cause false results in some urine sugar tests for diabetes. If your symptoms do not improve or instead become worse within a few days, check with your doctor. When taking the oral suspension, be sure to shake the container forcefully before each dose. Use a specially marked measuring spoon or other device to dispense each dose. A household teaspoon might not hold the correct amount. Tell your doctor if you have ever had an allergic reaction to nitrofurantoin or any related medicine, such as furazolidone, or if you are allergic to any other substance. When taking the extended-release capsule, swallow it whole without chewing. Overdose SymptomsSevere nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite. What to DoAn overdose of nitrofurantoin is unlikely to be life-threatening. However, if someone takes a much larger dose than prescribed, call your doctor, emergency medical services (EMS), or the nearest poison control center. Drug InteractionsConsult your doctor for specific advice if you are taking acetohydroxamine, oral diabetes medicine, dapsone, furazolidone, methyldopa, procainamide, quinidine, sulfonamides, vitamin K, carbamazepine, chloroquine, cisplatin, cytarabine, vaccine for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP), disulfiram, ethotoin, hydroxychloroquine, lindane, lithium, mephenytoin, mexiletine, pemoline, phenytoin, pyridoxine, vincristine, probenecid, sulfinpyrazone, quinine, or any other anti-infective agent. Food InteractionsNo known food interactions. Disease InteractionsConsult your doctor if you have any of the following: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, kidney disease, lung disease, or nerve damage. Serious Side EffectsChest pain, chills, cough, fever, troubled breathing, dizziness, drowsiness, tingling or burning of face or mouth, sore throat, unusual weakness, unusual fatigue. Call your doctor immediately. Common Side EffectsAbdominal pain or stomach upset, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite. Less Common Side EffectsDark yellow or brownish urine. | |
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